[GSMNL] An Introduction to Geophysics

 

http://genesismission.4t.com/Physics/Geophysics/Geophysics.html

 

I have add an article on Geophysics to the Genesis Mission website. Below is a sample of some of the material.

Geophysics mainly includes studies of the Earth's shape; gravitational field, magnetic field, internal structure, internal composition, plate tectonics, generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation.
Some times it includes the hydrological cycle; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere; solar-terrestrial interaction; and similar problems on the Moon and other planets.

Geophysics is at its hart the application of the principles of physics to the Earth and in more recent years other planetary bodies. As we expand our knowledge of worlds other than the Earth this expansion is natural. It is really only cultural inertia with in the scientific community that keeps it from being changed to planetary physics.

Accelerated Nuclear Decay is the process by which nuclear decay proceeds at a faster rate than normal. Now small amounts of accelerated nuclear decay have been observed in Bata-decay under some circumstances. While accelerated alpha decay has never been directly observed evidence for it exists in the retention of radiogenic helium by zircon crystals. Accelerated Nuclear Decay would look identical to normal decay but faster. The main argument against the hypothesis that the retention of radiogenic helium by zircon crystals shows substantial accelerated alpha decay is heat. The other common argument is the lack of an observed cause of accelerated alpha decay. However there are theoretical answers to both objections. The real reason for resistance to the hypothesis that the retention of radiogenic helium by zircon crystals shows substantial accelerated alpha decay is the fact that it would drastically reduce radiometric ages. However none of these arguments change the fact that measured helium diffusion rates in zircon crystals are a perfect match to a model showing accelerated alpha decay about six thousand years ago.

Plate Tectonics got its start in a book published by Snider-Pellegrini in 1859 called La Création et ses mystères dévoilés (The Creation and its Mysteries Unveiled). He proposed that all of the continents were once connected together based discovering the same plant fossils in both Europe and the United States. He then found that this fossils matching of fossils on all of the continents.

He proposed that the super continent catastrophically broke up resulting in the Flood described in Genesis the first book of the Bible. The catastrophic nature of the process went against uniformitarianism and this early version of plate tectonics got little support at the time. This image is from The Creation and its Mysteries Unveiled and it shows the continents before and after separation.

The idea of Plate Tectonics was later picked upon by Alfred Wegener around 1910. He slowed down Antonio Snider's Catastrophic Plate Tectonics to make it fit evolutionary time scales producing continual drift. This slowed down version of Plate Tectonics became an establishment theory around 1963.

Catastrophic Plate Tectonics was revived by Dr. John R. Baumgardner in the 1990's with support from computer modeling of the Earth's interior.The result is a Scientific description of the Genesis Flood. Modern Catastrophic Plate Tectonics is basically plate tectonics on over drive.

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Information Universe and Origins.

 

http://scienceray.com/physics/information-universe-and-origins/

 

This is part thirteen of the Information Universe series. See the link for part one.

 

http://scienceray.com/physics/the-information-universe/

 

The question here is not about a specific history of the Universe but of the nature and source of the origin of the Universe. Starting with the idea that the Universe is fundamentally an information system leads to the inescapable conclusion that the Universe is intelligently designed. This is because the programming for such a system would be sufficiently complex that is would have to originate from an intelligent programmer. It also shows the Universe was created out of nothing but the mind of the creator. This is evident from the fact that information is fundamentally immaterial in nature. Furthermore in programming even the simplest of virtual worlds the information is both information and the virtual world is made of nothing but immaterial information which is created from nothing but the mind of its creator.

 

This makes the Information Universe a perfect fit to with the idea of the Universe being created by God. It explains how Universe could be created from nothing. Now it does not say any thing about the nature of God himself or what kind of environment if any that He lives in. However the shear scope and detail of the simulation that is our universe eliminates the possibility of one or more human like beings sitting at any type of physical computer. With a resolution of a Planck length (1.616199 × 10^-35 m) and the need to produce a reality for some 7 billion human beings and billions more conscious animals, the computation power needed would beyond any conceivable physical computer. To put it in to prospective the minimum information required to for just 1 cubic meter of space is 4.221672 × 10¹⁰⁵ bytes. For comparison the hard drive on the computer used to write this is about 300 × 10⁹ bytes. As a result it would take more than 10⁹⁹ such computers to store the information needed for just 1 cubic meter of space. It would also require a minimum calculation rate of 2.612 × 10¹⁴⁰ bytes per second just to calculate what is going on instead that 1 cubic meter of space.

 

The immense amount of information and computation power required for information based universe means that the programmer would by definition be the being we think of as God even if ever notion we have of Him is totally wrong. Now this does not show that the Earth and Universe were created in six days, just six thousand years ago, but it is consistent with such a creation. The point is that an information based universe has to be intelligently designed and the designer would be by definition be God.

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Marry Christmas

 

Marry Christmas

Remember to keep Christ in Christmas.

While it is most likely not the actual day Jesus was born we do celebrate  his Birth on this day. Remembering that it was a prelude to His death, burial and resurrection, thus providing the opportunity for salvation to all men.

To see how to accept Jesus as savior please visit the GOD AND THE BIBLE web site.

 

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Marry Christmas

Remember to keep Christ in Christmas.

While it is most likely not the actual day Jesus was born we do celebrate  his Birth on this day. Remembering that it was a prelude to His death, burial and resurrection, thus providing the opportunity for salvation to all men.

To see how to accept Jesus as savior please visit the GOD AND THE BIBLE web site.

 

[GSMNL] Information Universe and mainstream science

 

http://tinyurl.com/d4cg7tz

 

 

This is part eleven of the Information Universe series. See the link for part one.

http://scienceray.com/physics/the-information-universe/

 

While what I refer to as the Information Universe is a specific model that I am working on. The basic idea that the Universe is fundamentally an information system is not unique my specific model, but has been proposed by other physicists.

 

In his book Decoding Reality physicist Vlatko Vedral's makes the case for the Universe being information at it most fundamental level. Physicist and author Thomas Campbell like wise makes the case the Universe being information at it most fundamental level.

The basic idea has shown up on the science channel and it has been discussed in new scientist magazine. So the basic concept has a degree of acceptance among physicists and scientific publications. This is enough to show that the idea does not qualify as being on some extreme fringe.

 

However the scientific establishment does not support the conclusion universe is fundamentally information at least in part because of a dedication a materialistic view of the world. If one starts with the assumption of a materialistic reality one can not conclude that the Universe is fundamentally made of information since information is immaterial. Making this break from the idea of a materialistic reality is hard to do even when you have no philosophical baggage getting in the way since what we call reality seems so material to us. However information is the most logical way of interpreting the double slit experiment.

 

It is however possible that time will change some these perceptions as there are many concepts taken for granted to day that were at first rejected. However at present there is no indication of movement in the physics establishment towards the conclusion universe is fundamentally information despite the fact that some physicists are promoting the basic concept. One thing that could help is developing a more complete model; however it is no likely because of the philosophical baggage that infects the scientific establishment

 

The scientific establishment is made up of the prominent scientific institutions and those that run them. These institutions control many aspects of main stream science including publishing, employment, research grants, research facilities and education. At present those holding these positions are dedicated to a naturalistic materialistic view of reality. This is at least in part because most of them are atheists and atheism fits best with some form of naturalistic materialistic reality. Sadly this means that basic idea that the Universe is fundamentally an information system is not likely to make much head way with in establishment physics. However some physicists do see it as the best possible interpretation of Quantum Mechanics 

 

 

 

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity has crossbedding on Mars.

 

http://tinyurl.com/afysg6h

 

The Mars Rover Curiosity has found crossbedding at area inside Gale Crater called "Glenelg." Not only does this show that water once flowed here but the direction of that flow as well. This is actually predicted by the catastrophic model of past water at this site, Since the catastrophic model has the water flowing over Mount Sharp in a northern direction the model would has the water flowing at a consider rate which is consistent with this cross bedding, However it gets even better because this crossbedding also shows the direction of the water flow.

 

It show the the water that laid down this crossbedding flowed from Mount Sharp which is predicted by the catastrophic model of past water at this site. This is further support for the over all catastrophic model of Martian geology. The catastrophic model of Martian geology has described this site even better than expected by providing evidence for eruptions of underground water and answering the one main question about the source of water for the flooding at  Meridiani Planum. This is that is shows that the region was most likely flooded from an ungrounded water source.

 

http://tinyurl.com/cnwsabc

 

http://genesismission.4t.com/Video/Catastrophic_Martian_Geology.html

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Upgrade to Genesis Science Mission completed

 

http://gscim.com/

 

I have just completed an important upgrade to the interactive portions of Genesis Science Mission. Previously they had only been accessible by way of a windows based computer and Internet Explorer. I just finished upgrading the interactive portions to Html5 which greatly expands the number platforms that they will work on. This is a major stem forward for my creation science, science web site greatly increasing the people I can reach. It also eliminates this material from requiring a third party site to work.

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] New Supermassive Black Hole too Big for Its Galaxy

 

http://tinyurl.com/SMBG-too-big

 

 

A newly discovered supermassive black hole, has surprised scientists by being way too large for its galaxy. Generally there is a relationship between the size of galaxy and its central black hole. Typically the central black hole has only about 0.1% the mass of the galaxy. The previous record was 11% however the supermassive black hole at the center of NGC 1277 has a mass that is a whopping 59% of the mass of the galaxy. Furthermore this supermassive black hole has a mass of 17 billion suns which is huge compared to the Milky Way's central black hole of 4 million solar masses. However this monster of a black hole is found at the center of a galaxy that is just 10% of the mass of the Milky Way.

 

This was a surprise for the astronomers because it does not fit their models of how galaxies form. However there is a creation model proposed by Dr John Hartnett where quasars are white holes and the galaxies were formed from matter coming from them. This not only explains the relationship between galaxies and their central black hole but also ready allows for some to stray from the pattern of which NGC 1277 is an extreme example.

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Clearly Testable Prediction from Information Universe variant

 

http://tinyurl.com/czq7yr2

 

This is part twelve of the Information Universe series. See the link for part one.

http://scienceray.com/physics/the-information-universe/

 

The earlier discussion of double slit experiment and the Information Universe it has been assumed that the collapse of quantum wave functions occurs no latter than the detection of each photon by the detector. In fact this would seem to be what most interpretations of quantum mechanics would say. However a recent e-mail discussion of the topic has lead to possibility of the Information Universe that working along with the consciousness causes collapse interpretation of quantum mechanics. When these two interpretations are combined instead of the wave function of each photon collapsing at detection it is passed on to the wave function of the entire experiment which does not collapse until the data is actually observed by a conscious entity and it is then that the information processing of the universe determines the result each photon. This leads to a unique and very strange prediction.

 

In quantum erasure experiments entangled two photons (s & p) are used to provide a way of checking to see which of the two slit in the double slit part of the experiment a photon actually goes through. Photon-s is the one that goes through the double slit and photon-p provides the information needed to see which slit photon-s actually goes through. When this occurs the result is a double peek pattern. However if the information carried by photon-p is destroyed by a polarizer then the result is an interference pattern. Oddly enough this occurs even if photon-p passes through the polarizer after photon-s is detected.

 

Now let’s say that instead of destroying the information carried by photon-p by way of a polarizer we carry out the experiment only as depicted in image-m recording the information but not looking at it right away. Now what would happen if we then destroyed the photon-p data before we ever looked at the photon-s data? Both common sense and every other interpretation of quantum mechanics would say that we should still get the double peek. However this combined interpretation of consciousness causes wave function collapse and the Information Universe makes the bazaar prediction that we would get interference pattern. The reason for this bazaar prediction is that the information from the detection of the photon-s is only fully calculated when observed and without the photon-p data the photon-s data produces an interference pattern. The reason why the Information Universe is needed for this prediction to work is that it provides an objective way for the actual results to be determined thus making a prediction possible. Without it the conscious observer could actually be affecting the results making a prediction impossible.

 

The best way to test this prediction this is to perform a quantum erasure experiment without the polarizer to erase which ways data carried by photon-p at least 10 times. Then randomly select five photon-p data sets and destroy them. To make the experiment better do this a least three times on different media such computer hard drive, CD’s or a printout. It would also help to have multiple people as the first observer of parts of the data. If in all of the cases where the photon-p data was destroyed it produced an interference patter, while those where it was retained would produced a double peak then the prediction would be confirmed.

 

Now a failure of this would not falsify the entire Information Universe model, just the variant of it has consciousness causing the wave function collapse. However a successful prediction would confirm the combined interpretation and the basic Information Universe model.

 

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Information Universe and Consciousness.

 

http://socyberty.com/philosophy/information-universe-and-consciousness/

 

This is part ten of the Information Universe series. See the link for part one.

http://scienceray.com/physics/the-information-universe/

 

This is actually the most difficult part of this series because consciousness is hard to define. Furthermore consciousness is the one phenomenon that can not be part of the calculations of the Universe’s information processing system. While consciousness is hard to precisely define it does have some distinct properties. They are self awareness, awareness of what around you, willful though and willful action. A persons consciousness is basically another to term for the mind or soul.

 

The reason why consciousness can not be part of the calculations of the Universe’s information processing system is because that system is designed to only calculate detail information that is needed by a conscious entity as shown by the double slit experiment. Furthermore evidence has been found that synaptic activity in the brain requires quantum tunneling on demand. This tunneling has only a 1 in 10 million of occurring but yet it occurs in the brain every time it’s needed. This shows some degree of control by the mind (consciousness) of quantum wave functions this more than anything else eliminates the idea that the mind is just a by product of the brain since the brain is just part of the calculations of the Universe’s information processing system and a part that is at least partly controlled by a conscious entity. This is not strictly speaking dualism since the body is actually a calculated virtual construct that allows a conscious entity to experience and interact with the reality of this universe. In this sense the body would be much like a character a person plays in a video game that could be discarded in a similar manner when we reach game over at death.

 

Unfortunately this tells us nothing of what consciousness really is. However it does require that consciousness has to be more than a property of the brain because it can not be part of the calculations of the Universe’s information processing system since that information system seem to geared towards producing the information need to produce a consistent reality for the conscious entities that inhabit the universe. It does however allow for the possibility that the mind survives the death of the body because it requires that a conscious entity to be more than a function the brain.

 

Now to be fair this does not mean that consciousness is not also a information processing system of some type just that it’s not part of the Universe’s information processing system. It is possible that conscious minds are simply different programs with in the same over all system that simply shear information with the Universe’s information processing system. Now the Information Universe does not require conscious minds to be such information processing systems but it is consistent with it.

Regardless the ultimate nature of consciousness the main relationship between consciousness and the Information Universe is that the Universe’s information processing system exists to produce a consistent reality for conscious entities. Thus contrary to totally naturalistic claims we conscious entities are not mere by products of the universe but its reason for existing. This relationship is clearly demonstrated by the double slit experiment and in particular by the quantum erasure variety of by the double slit experiment. As a result it is not a philosophical or religious conclusion but what the data is actually telling us.

 

http://www.neuroquantology.com/index.php/journal/article/view/168

 

http://tinyurl.com/85vzo9t

 

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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[GSMNL] Higgs boson to well behaved for particle physicists

 

http://gscim.com/Science_News/11-12/higgs_boson_to_well_behaved_for_particle_physicists.html

 

Particle physicists had hopes that the Higgs boson would open the door to expanding particle physicists beyond the standard model so as to finding identity of things such as dark matter. However much to the disappointment of particle physicists the Higgs boson has turned out to be too well behaved to give particle physicists the clues they were looking for. They have had some small false alarms in the data but have been disappointed each time. One possibility is a model called the Neutrino Minimal Standard Model (nuMSM) is supported by these results. In the nuMSM dark matter is a neutrino and the Higgs behaves in near perfect agreement with the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

 

One other model is supported by the nice behavior is the Information universe which can include the Neutrino Minimal Standard Model. This is because the the Information universe does not require any thing physical below the particle level. On the other hand short of a modification to General Relativity such as Cosmological Relativity, the Information universe still needs a model for dark matter and a model where dark matter is something as basic as a neutrino and a well behaved Higgs boson is the best fit to the Information universe.

 

This problem gets even worst for particle physicists since the Large  Hadron Collider's efforts to find new particles predicted by supersymmetry have been a total failure. Supersymmetry predicts that every known particle should have a heavier superpartner so as to extend the standard model to include dark matter and other things missing from the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Such failures another nail in the coffin for new theories such as Supersymmetry and so the conclusion is the data from the Large  Hadron Collider is ultimately providing support for the Information Universe.

 

 

------ Charles Creager Jr.

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